Digestion, the breakdown of food, for example through chewing and secretions The absorption of nutrients, which occurs mainly in the small intestine. Defecation and urination, the removal of waste products through the rectum and bladder, respectively. Digestion refers to the breakdown of food into smaller components that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. This digestion or catabolism is divided into two types: the mechanical digestion of food that occurs in the mouth when it is physically broken down into smaller pieces and the chemical digestion that occurs in the gastrointestinal tract when digestive enzymes break down food into small molecules.
Other sugars are digested with the help of different enzymes produced by the small intestine. For example, sucrose, or table sugar, is a disaccharide that the enzyme sucrase breaks down to form glucose and fructose, which are easily absorbed by the small intestine. Digesting the sugar lactose, found in milk, requires the enzyme lactase, which breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose, which are then absorbed by the small intestine. Less than half of adults produce enough lactase to digest lactose.
Those who cannot are said to be lactose intolerant. Many fungi, for example, use external digestion, in which food is digested from the outside by secreting enzymes that degrade the food material and are then absorbed by diffusion. The end products of digestion are absorbed in the digestive tract, mainly in the small intestine. Mechanical digestion greatly increases the surface area of food particles so that digestive enzymes can act on them more effectively.
The digestive system includes the digestive tract and its accessory organs, which process food into molecules that can be absorbed and used by the body's cells. Definition Noun (physiology) The catabolic process in the digestive tract, where ingested food is converted into simpler, more soluble and diffusible substances that can be assimilated by the body (microbiology) The process of decomposition of organic matter through microbial activity (medicine) suppurationSupplement In physiology, digestion refers to the mechanical and chemical processes to break down food into smaller or simpler constituent parts that can be absorbed or assimilated. A small amount of lipid digestion may take place in the stomach, but most lipid digestion occurs in the small intestine. The mouth is the beginning of the digestive system and, in fact, digestion begins here before you even take the first bite of a meal.
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